Screen time for children
Prof Asaad Javaid
Screen time refers to the amount of time a person spends using electronic devices with screens, such as televisions, smartphones, tablets, computers, and video game consoles. We are living in a digital age; therefore, screens have become an integral part of our kids’ lives. From smartphones and tablets to televisions and computers, children are exposed to screens for entertainment, education and social interaction. Majority of the parents, due to busy schedules, allow their children to use TV, mobile phones, or other screens as a distraction or entertainment. This is especially common when parents are unable to engage with their children directly. Some mothers introduce mobile screens to very young children, particularly to keep them engaged while eating. This habit conditions the child to associate eating with screen time, making it difficult for them to focus on meals without digital stimulation. Generally, it is recommended that kids below two years of age should not be exposed to any screen.
Parents should be aware that screen time for children is a double-edged sword. While it provides educational and social benefits, excessive use can have harmful effects. The American Academy of Pediatrics advises limiting screen time to no more than one hour per day for children aged 2–5 and recommends controlled exposure for older children. A study conducted in Islamabad found that preschoolers exposed to more than an hour of screen time daily are at a higher risk of developing withdrawn syndrome and autism spectrum-related issues. Withdrawn symptoms refer to a child’s tendency to avoid social interactions due to shyness, anxiety, or psychological factors. They should encourage physical activity among them. They should take kids to parks, playgrounds, or open spaces for natural movement and fresh air. They must encourage games like running, jumping, climbing, and playing with balls to improve motor skills. Parents should also participate in these activities to set an example.
Excessive screen exposure at a young age can harm the front part of the brain, which plays a crucial role in memory retention. Since the brain is still developing during early childhood, prolonged screen use may interfere with intellectual functions. The children with poor memory retention face great difficulties in learning and academic performance. A weak memory can affect problem-solving skills, attention span, and overall intellectual growth, leading to long-term disadvantages.
In addition, excessive exposure to screens negatively impacts children’s development and systemic health. Prolonged screen use can lead to obesity, poor posture, and eye strain due to reduced physical activity and prolonged exposure to blue light. Spending too much time on mobile, computer or TV hinders face-to-face communication skills, that develops social isolation. Many research studies have linked excessive screen time to anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances, particularly in the children who use screens before bedtime.
It is, therefore, imperative for parents to maintain a balance by setting limits, promoting physical activities, and encouraging productive screen usage among their children. It will not only help them reap the maximum benefits of technology but also minimize its risks.
Screen time, when used wisely, can be highly beneficial for children. Many educational apps, websites, and online courses provide interactive learning experiences that enhance a child’s cognitive skills. Digital games and applications can improve problem-solving skills, hand-eye coordination, and creativity. Coding games, puzzles, and logic-based activities help develop critical thinking. With the rise of social media and messaging platforms, children can stay connected with friends and family, fostering relationships even across long distances. Digital content such as animated movies, music, and storytelling apps provide relaxation and entertainment, helping children unwind after school.
Parents and teachers can play a crucial role in guiding children’s screen usage, as pre-teen children are not yet capable of making independent decisions. They should lead by example as children mimic adult behavior, so parents should limit their screen time and engage in offline activities. Parents must create screen-free zones at home like bedrooms and dining tables as screen-free area can encourage family interactions and healthier routines. Promoting quality content is another way of developing healthy screen habits. Parents as well as teachers should ensure that children access age-appropriate, educational, and productive digital content. Outdoor games and exercise should be prioritized to promote physical and mental well-being in school goers. Promote walking or biking to school instead of relying on transport where possible. Enroll kids in school sports teams or community activities like football, cricket, basketball, or swimming. Allow children to play with friends in sports and outdoor activities. Plan weekend hikes, park visits and family visits to minimize screen time exposure and develop social integration.
The writer is working as Dean, Faculty of Dentistry, Baqai Medical University, Karachi.
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